Table 3.

Association Between Mother‐Offspring Cardiovascular Risk Factors 6 and 9 Years After Pregnancy in Women Without a Pregnancy Complication During the Index Pregnancy n=4536

Outcomes Child	Exposures Mother	Basic Model	P Value	Confounder Model	P Value
		Beta (95% CI)		Beta (95% CI)
Six years after pregnancy
Microvasculature
Central retinal arteriolar caliber (SDS)	Central retinal arteriolar caliber (n=2044)	0.12 (0.08, 0.16)	<0.001	0.11 (0.07, 0.16)a	<0.001
Central retinal venular caliber (SDS)	Central retinal venular caliber (n=2044)	0.18 (0.14, 0.23)	<0.001	0.19 (0.14, 0.23)a	<0.001
BMI, kg/m2	BMI (n=3899)	0.12 (0.10, 0.13)	<0.001	0.10 (0.09, 0.11)a	<0.001
Blood pressure
SBP, mm Hg	SBP (n=3865)	0.12 (0.09, 0.14)	<0.001	0.09 (0.07, 0.11)a	<0.001
DBP, mm Hg	DBP (n=3865)	0.10 (0.08, 0.12)	<0.001	0.09 (0.06, 0.11)a	<0.001
Cardiac measurements
Left atrial diameter, mm	Left atrial diameter (n=3898)	0.13 (0.11, 0.16)	<0.001	0.12 (0.10, 0.15)a	<0.001
Aortic root diameter, mm	Aortic root diameter (n=3917)	0.15 (0.13, 0.17)	<0.001	0.13 (0.11, 0.15)a	<0.001
Left ventricular mass, g	Left ventricular mass (n=3753)	0.12 (0.10, 0.13)	<0.001	0.10 (0.09, 0.11)a	<0.001
Fractional shortening, %	Fractional shortening (n=3869)	0.14 (0.12, 0.17)	<0.001	0.14 (0.12, 0.17)a	<0.001
PWV, m/s	PWV (n=2821)	0.19 (0.16, 0.22)	<0.001	0.18 (0.15, 0.22)a	<0.001
Nine years after pregnancy
BMI, kg/m2	BMI (n=3549)	0.19 (0.18, 0.21)	<0.001	0.16 (0.14, 0.18)	<0.001
SBP, mm Hg	SBP (n=3382)	0.11 (0.09, 0.14)	<0.001	0.06 (0.04, 0.08)	<0.001
DBP, mm Hg	DBP (n=3382)	0.12 (0.10, 0.15)	<0.001	0.10 (0.08, 0.13)	<0.001

Values are betas with corresponding 95% CI and represent the mean difference in children per unit increase in maternal parameter. BMI indicates body mass index; CI, confidence interval; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; PWV, pulse wave velocity; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SDS, standard deviation score.

^aRegression models were identical to those presented under Table 2.