FIG. 16.

Numerically computed streamlines in the neighborhood of a circular hole (radius $a$) in a membrane of thickness $h$. Here, $\kappa a=5$, ${ϵ}_s/{ϵ}_0=3.9$, $e\mathrm{\Delta }\varphi /k_{B}T=0.04$ and the membrane has no intrinsic charge. The four panels correspond to (a) $h/a=0.4$; (b) $h/a=0.8$; (c) $h/a=0.84$; (d) $h/a=1$. Reproduced with permission from Sherwood et al., Phys. Fluids 26(11), 112004 (2014). Copyright 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.