Table 4.

Population at high risk for sleep disordered breathing.

Populations at high risk for Sleep disordered breathing and OSA	History and Symptoms prompting sleep evaluation by PSG
History of Stroke	Daytime sleepiness (≥ 10ESS)*
Obesity (BMI > 30)*	Loud and habitual snoring*
Congestive heart failure	History of hypertension*
Atrial fibrillation	Gasping/choking at night
Refractory hypertension	Witnessed apneas
Type 2 diabetes	Morning headaches
Nocturnal dysrhythmias	Frequent awakenings
Non- dipping BP	Memory loss
Pulmonary hypertension	Decreased concentration
Shift workers	Frequent nocturia

^*Berlin Questionnaire items.

ESS: Epworth Sleepiness Scale; BMI: body mass index; BP: blood pressure.