. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Mar 7.

Published in final edited form as: Res Soc Work Pract. 2013 Sep 19;24(2):213–223. doi: 10.1177/1049731513503047

Table 1.

Study Characteristics.

Study	CTAM Score	Sample Size	Gender	Mean Age (Minimum, Maximum)	Sample Description	Rx Use	BPD Assessment	Parasuicide/ Suicide Assessment	Depression Assessment	Therapist Experience	Treatment Comparison	Follow- Up (Month)	12-Month Attrition Rate	12-Month Suicide Attempt/ Parasuicidal Behavior	12-Month Depression
Linehan, Armstrong, Suarez, Allmon, and Heard (1991)	65	44	Women	— (18, 45)	Clinically referred, ≥2 parasuicide incidents in last 5 years	Not reported	DIB	PHI—average events/person	n/a	Not reported	DBT	4	DBT: 45%	Mean difference	Not assessed
							TAU					8	TAU: 41%	DBT: −2.95
												12		TAU: −6.58
														σ_{TAU Pre} = 26.95
														σ_{TAU Post} = 25.02
Linehan et al. (2006)	85	101	Women	29.3 (18, 45)	≥2 parasuicide incidents in last 5 years, one in past 8 weeks	Not reported	SCID	SASI Numbe of suicide attempts	HAM-D	25% DBT >10 years, 56% CTBE >10 years	DBT	12	DBT: 11.5%	% Attempted	Mean difference
											CTBE		DBT: 11.5%	DBT: 23.1	Mean difference
													CTBE: 28.6%	CTBE: 46.0	DBT: −6.2
													CTBE: 28.6%	Hazard ratio (95% CI) = 2.66 [2.4, 18.07]	CTBE: −4.7
															σ_{TAU Pre} = 7.3
															σ_{CBTE Post} = 8.2
Koons et al. (2001)	83	28	Women	35.5 (21, 46)	Clinically referred, VA Ctr, 40% parasuicide in previous 6 months	Not reported	SCID-I	PHI	BDI	Average 8.2 years’ experience	DBT	12	DBT: 23%	Mean difference	Mean difference
							SCID-II		HAM-D		TAU		TAU: 17%	Mean difference	Mean difference
														DBT: −4.7	DBT: −12.6
														TAU: +.3	TAU: −8.3
														σ_{TAU Pre} = 1.3	σ_{TAU Pre} = 9.7
														σ_{TAU Post} = 2.2	σ_{TAU Post} = 7.8
Verheul et al. (2003)	94	58	Women	34.9 (18, 70)	Clinically referred, no source restriction	DBT: 52%	BPDSI	BPDSI, self-report	n/a	Not reported	DBT	12	DBT: 37%	% Attempted	Not assessed
						DBT: 52%					TAU		TAU: 77%	DBT: 7%
						TAU: 61%								TAU: 26%
						TAU: 61%								χ²= 3.24
Turner (2000)	70	24	Both	22 (18, 27)	Clinically referred, outpatient suicide attempt treatment	DBT: 75%	DIB	Daily log of events	BDI	Avg. 22 yrs Family systems, clientcentered, psychodynamic	DBT	6	DBT: 25%	Mean difference	Mean difference
						DBT: 75%	SCID		HAM-D		CCT	12	CCT: 50%	Mean difference	Mean difference
						CCT: 92%								DBT: −5.67	DBT: −13.25
						CCT: 92%								CCT: −3.00	CCT: −4.84
														σ_{TAU Pre}= .75	σ_{TAU Pre}= 4.46
														σ_{TAU Post}= 2.18	σ_{TAU Pre}= 4.46
															σ_{TAU Post}= 3.90
Clarkin, Levy, Lenzenweger, and Kernberg (2007)	74	90	Both	30.9 (18, 50)	Recruited from NY tristate area, history of parasuicide	TFP: 52%	IPE	OAS-m Suicidality	BDI	≥2 years experience w/BPD patients and treatment type	TFP	4	8.1% overall	HLM β₁, effective size	HLM β₁, effective size
						DBT: 70%					DBT	8			HLM β₁, effective size
						DBT: 70%					DST	12			TFP: −.55, .50
						DST: 65%								TFP: −.05, .33	DBT: −.59, .38
						DST: 65%								DBT: −.09, .34	DBT: −.59, .38
														DST: −.03, .43	DST: −.69, .49

Note. DDI = Beck Depression Inventory; BPD = borderline personality disorder; BPDSI = BPD Severity Index; CCT = client-centered therapy; CTAM = Clinical Trials Assessment Measure; CTBE= Community Treatment By Experts, DBT = dialectical behavior therapy; DST = Dynamic Supportive Treatment; HAM-D = Hamilton Depression Rating scale; HLM= Hierarchical Linear Modeling; IPE = Initial Psychiatric Examination; OAS-m = Overt Aggression scale (modified); PHI = Parasuicide History Interview; Rx = Treatment; SASI = Suicide Attempt Self-Injury Interview; SCID = Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Disorders TAU = treatment as usual; TFP = transference-focused psychotheraphy.