. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Apr 1.

Published in final edited form as: Health Econ. 2019 Jan 29;28(4):517–528. doi: 10.1002/hec.3860

Appendix A10.

Results from IV analyses testing outliers in dosage-adjusted claims

	IV Estimate (Robust Standard Error)
	Including all sample		Excluding top and bottom 0.1 percentiles
	Original outcomes	Log outcomes	Original outcomes	Log outcomes
*Dosage adjustment*
Frequency of dosage-adjusted drug claims	−0.02(0.90)	−0.06(0.03)^**	−0.63(0.34)^*	−0.06(0.03)^**
Drug spending per dosage-adjusted claim	378.41(288.80)	0.23(0.04)^***	424.65(106.37)^***	0.24(0.05)^***

Notes: Oncologist fixed effects are included in all models; Covariates controlled for in all models are year dummies patient demographic characteristics, chronic condition indicators, cancer type, metastasis indicator, and ZIP-level socio-economic variables; Standard errors account for clustering within practices; Spending measures are adjusted to 2013 dollars;

p < 0.10,

^**

p < 0.05,

^***

p < 0.01.