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. 2019 Mar 1;9:1894. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01894

FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 1

Tools enabling characterization of the primary cell wall at different length scales. Crystal structures of cellulose Iα and Iβ are reprinted with permission from Nishiyama et al. (2003). Crystal Structure and Hydrogen Bonding System in Cellulose Iα from Synchrotron X-ray and Neutron Fiber Diffraction. Journal of the American Chemical Society 125, 14300–14306. Copyright 2003 American Chemical Society. Primary cell wall is reprinted with permission from Cosgrove (2014). Re-constructing our models of cellulose and primary cell wall assembly. Current Opinion in Plant Biology 22, 122–131. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. Schematic inspired by Martínez-Sanz et al. (2015a). Application of X-ray and neutron small angle scattering techniques to study the hierarchical structure of plant cell walls: A review. Carbohydrate Polymers 125, 120–134.