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. 2018 Nov 22;7(23):e008919. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.118.008919

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© 2018 The Authors. Published on behalf of the American Heart Association, Inc., by Wiley.

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

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Acetylcholinesterase staining of wild‐type (WT) and Akita (Akt) atria. A and B, Stained WT and Akita hearts respectively. Pulmonary vein ganglia (PVG) are indicated by white double arrows. Triple arrowheads indicate nerves projecting from PVG to the sinoatrial node (SAN). C and E, Enlarged views of the SAN area boxed in white in WT and Akita hearts. D and F, ×20 magnification of the PVG (white double arrows) in panels A and B. Ao indicates aorta; LA, left atrium; PLA, posterior left atrium; RA, right atrium; SVC, superior vena cava.