Table 2.
Causes of Death
| Number of Patients (Proportion) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| All (N=1309) | Patients With AVR (N=353) | Patients Without AVR (N=956) | |
| All‐cause death | 414 | 34 | 380 |
| Cardiovascular death | 242 (58.5%) | 22 (64.7%) | 220 (57.9%) |
| Heart failure | 68 (16.4%) | 1 (2.9%) | 67 (17.6%) |
| Sudden death | 62 (15.0%) | 2 (5.9%) | 60 (15.8%) |
| Stroke | 24 (5.8%) | 1 (2.9%) | 23 (6.1%) |
| Aortic valve procedure death | 15 (3.6%) | 15 (44.1%) | 0 (0%) |
| Aortic/peripheral vascular disease | 15 (3.6%) | 0 (0%) | 15 (3.9%) |
| Renal failure | 10 (2.4%) | 0 (0%) | 10 (2.6%) |
| Myocardial infarction | 6 (1.4%) | 0 (0%) | 6 (1.6%) |
| Other cardiac cause | 6 (1.4%) | 0 (0%) | 6 (1.6%) |
| Unknown death | 36 (8.7%) | 3 (8.8%) | 33 (8.7%) |
| Noncardiovascular death | 172 (41.5%) | 12 (35.3%) | 160 (42.1%) |
| Infection | 64 (15.5%) | 6 (17.6%) | 58 (15.3%) |
| Malignancy | 57 (13.8%) | 5 (14.7%) | 52 (13.7%) |
| Respiratory failure | 10 (2.4%) | 0 (0%) | 10 (2.6%) |
| Bleeding | 4 (1.0%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (1.1%) |
| Liver failure | 4 (1.0%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (1.1%) |
| Trauma | 4 (1.0%) | 0 (0%) | 4 (1.1%) |
| Others | 29 (7.0%) | 1 (2.9%) | 28 (7.4%) |
AVR indicates aortic valve replacement.