Table 2.
Echocardiographic Parameters of 3‐Month‐Old Preconception FA and Preconception PM2.5 Mice
| Preconception FA (N=10) | Preconception PM2.5 (N=12) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IVSD, mm | 1.12±0.14 | 1.15±0.15 | 0.359 |
| IVSS, mm | 1.65±0.18 | 1.60±0.25 | 0.305 |
| LVEDV, μL | 256.65±58.89 | 257.57±88.61 | 0.712 |
| LVESV, μL | 59.19±19.82 | 82.08±35.11 | 0.029* |
| Stroke volume, μL | 197.46±45.36 | 175.49±59.57 | 0.475 |
| Cardiac output, mL/min | 90.20±19.11 | 83.55±31.11 | 0.686 |
| Cardiac index, L/min per m2 | 0.99±0.06 | 1.00±0.12 | 0.920 |
| Heart rate, bpm | 448.25±3.21 | 442.2±3.24 | 0.370 |
Data are expressed as mean±SEM. FA indicates filtered air; IVSd, interventricular septal end diastole diameter; IVSs, interventricular septal end systole diameter; LVEDV, left ventricular end diastolic volume; LVESV, left ventricular end systolic volume; PM2.5, particulate matter (<2.5 μm diameter).