Table 3.
Multivariable Cox Proportional Hazard Regression Model for the Analysis of Potential Determinants for Heart Failure (Grades 3, 4, 5): Age at Diagnosis, Sex, Period of Treatment, and Cancer Treatment
| Covariates* | REF (n)/Total (n) | Hazard Ratio, Median (IQR) | P Value | REF (n)/Events (n) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at primary childhood diagnosis (per y) | 0.8 (0.8–0.9) | <0.001 | ||
| Sex (REF=male) | 3257/5845 | 0.9 (0.6–1.3) | 0.64 | |
| Year of childhood cancer diagnosis (per y) | 1.0 (1.01–1.1) | 0.04 | ||
| Anthracycline (per 1 mg/m2, splines) | See Figure 4 | <0.001 | ||
| Mitoxantrone (per 1 mg/m2, splines) | See Figure 4 | <0.001 | ||
| Cyclophosphamide (per 100 mg/m2, splines) | See Figure 4 | 0.04 | ||
| Chest radiotherapy | ||||
| No chest radiotherapy | 4575/5845 | REF | 78/116 | |
| Radiotherapy potentially involving the heart | 588/5845 | 1.0 (0.4–2.0) | 0.96 | 9/116 |
| Radiotherapy involving the heart <20 Gy | 275/5845 | 2.0 (1.1–3.6) | 0.02 | 15/116 |
| Radiotherapy involving the heart ≥20 Gy | 363/5845 | 2.1 (1.1–4.0) | 0.02 | 14/116 |
| Cisplatin (per 1 mg/m2) | 1.0 (1.0–1.0) | 0.61 | ||
| Ifosfamide (per 1 mg/m2) | 1.0 (1.0–1.0) | 0.28 | ||
| Vincristine (per 1 mg/m2) | 1.0 (1.0–1.0) | 0.20 | ||
REF indicates reference category.
*
We did not find a significant interaction term between anthracycline and radiotherapy involving the heart.
The bold values indicate the significant risk factors.