Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2019 Mar 7;9:3791. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-40535-4

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Nonlinear RFs could be estimated by CNN encoding models for simulated rotation-invariant cells. (a) Scheme of response generation for simulated rotation-invariant cells. The response to a stimulus was defined as the maximum of the output of 36 subunits followed by an additive Gaussian noise. Each subunit, which had a Gabor-shaped filter with different orientations, calculated the dot product between the stimulus image and the filter (See Methods for details). The filters of simulated cell C are displayed in this panel. (b) Cumulative distribution of CNN prediction similarity (N = 10 cells). Simulated cells with a CNN prediction similarity ≤0.3 (indicated as the red arrow) were removed from the following RF analysis. (c) Results of iterative CNN RF estimations for simulated cell C. Only 20 of the 1,000 generated RF images are shown in this panel. RF images had Gabor-like shapes but their orientations were different in different iterations. (d) Maximum similarity between each generator filter and 1,000 CNN RFs. Only cells with a CNN prediction similarity >0.3 were analysed (N = 9 cells).