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. 2019 Mar 7;9:3772. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-40581-y

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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The night time travel restriction closed 17 km of the Bow Valley Parkway in Banff National Park between Johnston Canyon and Five-Mile Bridge from March 1 through June 25 between 2000 and 0800 hours. Remote cameras compared wildlife detections on ten road-based cameras to detections on 64 cameras distributed throughout the Bow Valley (reference data was collected at the same time but at different locations). Roadside observation surveys compared wildlife detections along the road within the temporal closure to detections on the permanently open road west of the closure to Castle Junction (reference data was collected at the same time but at a different location). Grizzly bear analysis selected GPS locations within 3.0 km of the temporal closure area and compared use of the Bow Valley Parkway prior to closure implementation (2012–2013) to use during the temporal closure (2014–2017; reference data was collected during different years with some different animals, but occurred within the same spatial area).