Table 3.
Fasting and postprandial blood glucose measures, for rice flour, cellulose and polyphenol-rich extract in the evening.
| Outcome | Group | n | Rice Flour | Cellulose | Polyphenol-Rich Extract | p-Value 1 | p-Value 2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blood glucose for whole group | |||||||
| Fasting (mmol/L) | Total | 18 | 4.3 (0.4) | 4.5 (0.4) | 4.3 (0.4) | 0.077 | NA |
| iAUC (mmol/L·3 h) | Total | 18 | 411 (152) | 410 (127) | 414 (169) | 0.881 | NA |
| Peak concentration (mmol/L) | Total | 18 | 8.7 (1.5) | 8.9 (1.5) | 8.5 (1.6) | 0.459 | NA |
| Blood glucose by ethnicity | |||||||
| Fasting (mmol/L) | Caucasian | 13 | 4.1 (0.3) | 4.3 (0.3) | 4.2 (0.4) | 0.106 | 0.007 |
| Asian | 5 | 4.7 (0.3) | 4.8 (0.4) | 4.6 (0.3) | 0.084 | ||
| iAUC (mmol/L·3 h) | Caucasian | 13 | 368 (130) | 399 (140) | 376 (177) | 0.607 | 0.118 |
| Asian | 5 | 521 (162) | 439 (93) | 515 (105) | 0.408 | ||
| Peak concentration (mmol/L) | Caucasian | 13 | 8.3 (1.3) | 8.8 (1.7) | 8.2 (1.7) | 0.052 | 0.177 |
| Asian | 5 | 9.7 (1.6) | 9.3 (1.0) | 9.3 (1.2) | 0.820 | ||
| Blood glucose by sex | |||||||
| Fasting (mmol/L) | Female | 12 | 4.3 (0.4) | 4.4 (0.5) | 4.3 (0.5) | 0.564 | 0.800 |
| Male | 6 | 4.2 (0.4) | 4.6 (0.3) | 4.4 (0.1) | 0.038 | ||
| iAUC (mmol/L·3 h) | Female | 12 | 410 (160) | 394 (127) | 385 (168) | 0.529 | 0.506 |
| Male | 6 | 412 (149) | 443 (132) | 473 (170) | 0.556 | ||
| Peak concentration (mmol/L) | Female | 12 | 8.4 (1.6) | 8.4 (1.2) a | 7.9 (1.4) a | 0.018 | 0.040 |
| Male | 6 | 9.2 (1.1) | 10.0 (1.5) a | 9.8 (1.3) a | 0.168 | ||
All values reported as mean (standard deviation); iAUC incremental area under the curve 1 difference between treatment; 2 difference between groups; a Difference between sexes with p < 0.05; Bold typeface where p < 0.05. NA, not applicable.