Table 2.
Status and changes in pain and activities of daily living (ADL) at three time points (n = 58).
| Variable | T1 Mean ± SD |
T2 Mean ± SD |
T3 Mean ± SD |
F Value | Difference Between the Two Groups | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pain | 6.36 ± 1.88 | 5.74 ± 1.93 | 3.28 ± 1.31 | 146.75 *** | 1 > 3 (p < 0.001) | |
| 2 > 3 (p < 0.001) | ||||||
| ADL | 93.76 ± 6.10 | 73.64 ± 5.69 | 77.52 ± 9.45 | 123.09 *** | 1 > 2 (p < 0.001) | |
| 1 > 3 (p < 0.001) | ||||||
| 3 > 2 (p < 0.001) | ||||||
T1: Before surgery, T2: 48 h after surgery; T3: before discharge; 1: before surgery, 2: 48 h after surgery, and 3: before discharge; *** p < 0.001.