Table 3.
Meta-analyses on the incidence of capillary leak syndrome induced by various anti-cancer drugs or after BMT in cancer patients.
| Causative Drugs | Numberof Studies | Total Number of Patients | Number of CLS | Incidence of CLS (Overall) | Incidence of CLS by Meta-Analysis (95%CI) | Heterogeneity I2 (p Value) | Incidence of CLS Median (Ranges) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IL-2 | 18 | 703 | 244 | 34.7% | 43.9% (29.5–58.9) | 92.6% (p < 0.0001) | 32.4% (5.3–100) |
| IL-2 with other agents | 13 | 405 | 118 | 29.1% | 32.0% (15.6–51.1) | 91.1% (p < 0.0001) | 16.7% (0–100) |
| IL-2 + IFN-alpha 2a | 2 | 55 | 47 | 85.5% | 90.4% (64.1–100) | 80.0% (p = 0.0255) | 90.3% (80.5–100) |
| IL-2 + imatinib mesylate | 3 | 17 | 2 | 11.8% | 15.0% (3.1–33.4) | 0% (p = 0.4889) | 9.0% (0–33.3) |
| IL-2 + bevacizumab | 1 | 4 | 4 | 100.0% | - | - | - |
| IL-2 + 5-FU | 2 | 40 | 7 | 17.5% | 17.1% (3.7–37.4) | 56.1% (p = 0.1312) | 33.3% (6.3–25.0) |
| IL-1 with other agents | 2 | 24 | 10 | 41.7% | 42.3% (24.3–61.4) | 0% (p = 0.8266) | 42.2% (40–44.4) |
| IL-4 (+IL-2) | 1 | 17 | 2 | 11.8% | - | - | - |
| GM-CSF | 3 | 78 | 7 | 9.0% | 10.1% (4.6–17.6) | 0% (p = 0.5802) | 7.1% (6.8–15.0) |
| Gemcitabine | 3 | 86 | 3 | 3.5% | 4.9% (1.4–10.3) | 0% (p = 0.9273) | 3.7% (2.8–4.3) |
| SS1P | 2 | 58 | 15 | 25.9% | 26.9 (0.00–78.6) | 94.5% (p < 0.0001) | 30.1 (5.9–54.2) |
| Anti-CD agents | 13 | 221 | 75 | 33.9% | 35.6% (16.1–60.0) | 91.8% (p < 0.0001) | 20.0% (5.9–100) |
| Anti-CD22 | 4 | 59 | 24 | 40.7% | 48.1% (6.3–91.7) | 93.7 (p < 0.0001) | 44.1% (11.5–100) |
| Anti-CD19 + anti-CD22 | 2 | 42 | 8 | 19.0% | 17.8% (2.7–42.2) | 69.6% (p = 0.0699) | 17.0% (5.9–28.0) |
| Anti-CD25 | 3 | 60 | 22 | 36.7% | 42.2% (0.02–98.0) | 97.0% (p < 0.0001) | 11.1% (6.7–100) |
| BMT | 7 | 417 | 88 | 21.1% | 21.7% (12.2–33.1) | 83.9% (p < 0.0001) | 15.5% (6.8–52.7) |
| Only BMT-related | 3 | 163 | 53 | 32.5% | 35.5% (14.7–59.6) | 87.5% (p = 0.0003) | 33.3% (20.8–52.7) |
| BMT with other agents | 4 | 254 | 35 | 13.8% | 14.2% (10.2–18.7) | 0% (p = 0.5001) | 14.8% (6.8–15.5) |
CLS: capillary leak syndome, IL: interleukin, GM-CSF: granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, 5-FU: 5-fluorouracil, SS1P: recombinant anti-mesothelin immunotoxin, CD: cluster of differentiation, BMT: bone marrow transplant.