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. 2019 Feb 3;11(2):177. doi: 10.3390/cancers11020177

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Effect of CDDP and DFX on cell growth and expression of stemness markers and function in vitro. (A) Inhibition of cell growth was evaluated using the XTT assay. Combined treatment with CDDP and DFX inhibited the growth of HSC-2 and OE33 cells in a dose-dependent manner compared with single agent treatment. (B) The combination index was analyzed with Calcusyn software using the results of the XTT assay. Several drug dose combinations of CDDP and DFX indicated synergism (Combination index < 1.0) of the combination treatment. (C) Expression of stemness markers was evaluated with western blot analysis. β-actin was used as a loading control. DFX and combination treatment suppressed the expression of stemness markers (Nanog, Sox2, Oct3/4, Klf4, c-Myc) in HSC-2 and OE33 cells. (D) Spherogenecity was evaluated with sphere formation assay in a 96-well ultra-low attachment plate. DFX and combination treatment suppressed the spherogenecity in HSC-2 and OE33 cells.

Effect of CDDP and DFX on cell growth and expression of stemness markers and function in vitro. (A) Inhibition of cell growth was evaluated using the XTT assay. Combined treatment with CDDP and DFX inhibited the growth of HSC-2 and OE33 cells in a dose-dependent manner compared with single agent treatment. (B) The combination index was analyzed with Calcusyn software using the results of the XTT assay. Several drug dose combinations of CDDP and DFX indicated synergism (Combination index < 1.0) of the combination treatment. (C) Expression of stemness markers was evaluated with western blot analysis. β-actin was used as a loading control. DFX and combination treatment suppressed the expression of stemness markers (Nanog, Sox2, Oct3/4, Klf4, c-Myc) in HSC-2 and OE33 cells. (D) Spherogenecity was evaluated with sphere formation assay in a 96-well ultra-low attachment plate. DFX and combination treatment suppressed the spherogenecity in HSC-2 and OE33 cells.