Table 2.
Comparisons of characteristics of patients with anemia in the CKD cohort analysis.
| Variable | Patients with Anemia (n = 172) | Patients without Anemia (n = 261) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 172 | 261 | <0.001 †† |
| 0–2 years | 11 (6.4) | 28 (10.7) | |
| 2–6 years | 17 (9.9) | 60 (23.0) | |
| 6–12 years | 49 (28.5) | 76 (29.1) | |
| 12–17 years | 95 (55.2) | 97 (37.2) | |
| Sex (male/female) | 119/53 | 175/86 | 0.641 †† |
| Disease preceding CKD | 150 | 228 | <0.001 †† |
| Glomerulonephritis | 49 (32.7) | 30 (13.2) | |
| Non-glomerulonephritis | 101 (67.3) | 198 (86.8) | |
| CKD stages | 172 | 261 | <0.001 †† |
| I | 8 (4.7) | 71 (27.2) | |
| II | 26 (15.1) | 92 (35.2) | |
| IIIa ※ | 32 (18.6) | 41 (15.7) | |
| IIIb ※ | 38 (22.1) | 33 (12.6) | |
| IV | 54 (31.4) | 21 (8.0) | |
| V | 14 (9.9) | 3 (1.1) | |
| Weight (kg) | 171 | 255 | 0.036 †† |
| Low weight | 60 (35.1) | 61 (23.9) | |
| Normal | 107 (62.6) | 184 (72.2) | |
| Overweight | 4 (2.3) | 10 (3.9) | |
| Height (cm) | 171 | 255 | 0.058 † |
| Short stature | 48 (28.1) | 49 (19.2) | |
| Normal | 122 (71.4) | 201 (78.8) | |
| Tall stature | 1 (0.6) | 5 (2.0) | |
| Hypertension | 156 | 216 | |
| SBP hypertension | 24 (15.4) | 34 (15.7) | 0.926 †† |
| DBP hypertension | 43 (27.6) | 39 (18.1) | 0.029 †† |
| Proteinuria (mg/mg) | 172 | 261 | <0.001 †† |
| <0.5 | 69 (15.9) | 162 (37.4) | |
| ≥0.5 | 103 (37.4) | 99 (22.9) | |
| Ferritin (ng/mL) | 163 | 233 | <0.001 †† |
| ≥100 | 51 (31.3) | 33 (14.2) | |
| <100 | 112 (68.7) | 200 (85.8) | |
| Transferrin saturation (%) | 170 | 253 | 0.694 †† |
| <20 | 54 (31.8) | 85 (33.6) | |
| ≥20 | 116 (68.2) | 168 (66.4) | |
| Use of EPO stimulating agents | 167 | 261 | 0.001 †† |
| Yes * | 36 (21.6) | 7 (2.7) | |
| Iron supplementation treatment | 171 | 261 | 0.001 †† |
| Yes ** | 62 (36.3) | 29 (11.1) | |
| Use of renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors | 172 | 261 | 0.002 †† |
| Yes *** | 110 (70.0) | 123 (47.1) |
Numerical values are reported as n (%); CKD, chronic kidney disease; n, number of patients; EPO, erythropoietin; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; ※ CKD stage III is divided into subgroup stage IIIa and IIIb according to the eGFR (estimated glomerular filtration rate), stage IIIa is an eGFR between 45 and 59 and Stage 3b is an eGFR between 30 and 44; * EPO stimulating agents: Epoetin alfa, Epoetin beta; ** Iron agents: any agent including intravenous or oral intake; *** RAS inhibitors: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers; † Statistically significant differences were demonstrated using Fisher’s exact test; †† Statistically significant differences were demonstrated using the Chi-square test.