Table 2.
Change within groups in secondary outcomes according to exercise mode intervention.
| Outcomes | Perindopril | Losartan | HCTZ | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aerobic | Concurrent | Aerobic | Concurrent | Aerobic | Concurrent | |
| Baseline-8 Weeks | 8–24 Weeks | Baseline-8 Weeks | 8–24 Weeks | Baseline-8 Weeks | 8–24 Weeks | |
| 6-min walk distance, m | 45.8 (19.1, 72.6) | −27.1 (−55.9, 1.6) | 67.5 (44.7, 90.3) | 2.3 (−23.2, 27.8) | 40.0 (8.9, 63.2) | 19.6 (−10.6, 49.7) |
| SBP, mmHg | 5.0 (−4.4, 14.5) | 1.8 (−11.7, 15.2) | 8.9 (0.8, 17.0) | −5.1 (−16.9, 6.7) | −2.3 (−11.9, 7.3) | 0.5 (−12.9, 13.9) |
| DBP, mmHg | 1.1 (−3.8, 6.1) | 1.4 (−7.7, 10.4) | 3.4 (−0.8, 7.6) | 3.1 (−11.0, 4.9) | 2.4 (−2.6, 7.4) | 3.4 (−12.4, 5.7) |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | −11.7 (−27,9, 4.6) | 9.8 (−11.5, 40.0) | −8.3 (−22.3, 5.6) | 16.2 (−2.5, 34.9) | −7.3 (−24.6, 10.1) | 3.3 (−18.9, 25.5) |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dL | −0.3 (−4.9, 4.4) | 4.8 (−0.4, 9.9) | 2.1 (−1.9, 6.2) | −0.2 (−4.8, 4.4) | −0.3 (−5.1, 4.6) | 2.3 (−3.2, 7.7) |
| LDL cholesterol, mg/dL | −9.8 (−25.7, 6.0) | 3.4 (−16.4, 23.2) | −9.1 (−22.5, 4.5) | 11.5 (−6.0, 28.9) | −7.4 (−24.1, 9.3) | 2.6 (−18.1, 23.4) |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | −22.0 (−48.8, 4.8) | 9.5 (−25.2, 44.2) | −6.7 (−29.6, 16.2) | 22.8 (−7.7, 53.3) | 3.7 (−25.7, 33.1) | −1.3 (−37.6, 35.0) |
| Fasting glucose, mg/dL | 1.0 (−3.5, 5.4) | −1.3 (−8.4, 5.9) | −3.6 (−7.3, 0.2) | 0.4 (−5.8, 6.7) | −1.2 (−5.6, 3.3) | 4.4 (−2.7, 11.5) |
| hsCRP, log mg/L | 0.2 (−0.2, 0.7) | −0.5 (−1.1, 0.2) | −0.1 (−0.5, 0.3) | 0.1(−0.5, 0.6) | −0.1 (−0.6, 0.3) | 0.0 (−0.7, 0.7) |
| TNF-α, log pg/mL | 0.2 (−0.2, 0.6) | −0.3 (−0.8, 0.2) | −0.0 (−0.4, 0.3) | −0.3 (−0.8, 0.2) | 0.1 (−0.3, 0.5) | 0.1 (−0.4, 0.6) |
| IL-6, log pg/mL | 0.0 (−0.3, 0.4) | −0.0 (−0.6, 0.6) | −0.0 (−0.3, 0.3) | −0.1 (−0.6, 0.4) | 0.3 (0.0, 0.7) | −0.1 (−0.7. 0.4) |
| VCAM-1, log ng/mL | 0.0 (−0.1, 0.2) | −0.0 (−0.2, 0.1) | −0.1 (−0.2, −0.0) | 0.0 (−0.1, 0.2) | −0.0 (−0.2, 0.1) | 0.0 (−0.2, 0.2) |
| E-selectin, log ng/mL | 0.1 (−0.1, 0.2) | −0.1 (−0.2, 0.1) | 0.0 (−0.1, 0.1) | 0.0 (−0.1, 0.2) | −0.1 (−0.3, 0.0) | 0.1 (−0.0, 0.3) |
| oxLDL, log mU/L | −0.3 (−0.6, 0.0) | 0.3 (−0.2, 0.8) | −0.2 (−0.5, 0.1) | 0.2 (−0.3, 0.6) | −0.1 (−0.4, 0.2) | 0.0 (−0.5, 0.5) |
| MPO, log μg/L | −0.1 (−0.3, 0.2) | −0.2 (−0.4, 0.1) | −0.1 (−0.4, 0.1) | 0.2 (−0.1, 0.4) | −0.1 (−0.3, 0.2) | 0.2 (−0.1, 0.5) |
Notes: DBP: Diastolic blood pressure; HDL: High-density lipoprotein; hsCRP: High-sensitivity C- reactive protein; IL-6: Interleukin- 6; LDL: Low-density lipoprotein; MPO: Myeloperoxidase; oxLDL: Oxidized LDL; SBP: Systolic blood pressure; SPPB: Short physical performance battery; TNF-α: Tumor necrosis factor- α; VCAM-1: Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1. Data are expressed as within-groups adjusted mean change with 95% confidence intervals, adjusted to age, sex, and baseline status. Log-transformation was used to normalize data distribution (Shapiro-Wilks test, p < 0.05).