Table 5.
Correlations between WHOQOL-BREF domain scores and comorbidities.
| Characteristic | Physical | Psychological | Social Relationship | Environmental | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coef. (95% CI) a | Coef. (95% CI) b | Coef. (95% CI) a | Coef. (95% CI) b | Coef. (95% CI) a | Coef. (95% CI) b | Coef. (95% CI) a | Coef. (95% CI) b | |
| Health problem | ||||||||
| Cardiovascular | −7.85 (−13.23; −2.47) * | −7.66 (−12.99; −2.32) * | −5.40 (−10.10; −0.69) * | −5.22 (−9.71; −0.74) * | −5.82 (−9.95; −1.68) * | −5.85 (−10.00; −1.71) * | −3.98 (−8.14; 0.19) | −3.81 (−7.84; 0.21) |
| Respiratory | −5.17 (−15.95; 5.61) | −5.21 (−15.90; 5.48) | −4.07 (−13.43; 5.29) | −4.33 (−13.25; 4.59) | −7.84 (−16.07; 0.38) | −8.29 (−16.53; −0.05) * | −5.97 (−14.21; 2.26) | −6.15 (−14.09; 1.80) |
| Digestive diseases | −12.77 (−19.32; −6.21) * | −12.78 (−19.27; −6.29) * | −6.55 (−12.37; −0.72) * | −6.09 (−11.65; −0.53) * | −0.77 (−5.99; 4.45) | −0.80 (−6.03; 4.44) | −2.22 (7.42; 2.98) | −1.46 (−6.49; 3.56) |
| Urologic diseases | −0.26 (−7.26; 6.74) | −0.88 (−7.90; 6.14) | 1.69 (−4.38; 7.76) | −0.09 (−5.94; 5.77) | 2.96 (−2.40; 8.32) | 2.57 (−2.86; 8.01) | 3.37 (−1.97; 8.72) | 2.12 (−3.11; 7.34) |
| Musculoskeletal disorders | −5.29 (−9.66; −0.92) * | −4.91 (−9.27; −0.54) * | −2.28 (−6.12; 1.55) | −1.56 (−5.24; 2.13) | −3.59 (−6.96; −0.22) * | −3.46 (−6.86; −0.07) * | −2.86 (−6.24; 0.51) | −2.68 (−5.95; 0.60) |
| Neuropsychiatric diseases | −11.84 (−21.73; −1.95) * | −13.02 (−22.86; −3.18) * | −11.13 (−19.69; −2.57) * | −13.84 (−21.97; −5.72) * | 0.31 (−7.39; 8.02) | −0.16 (−7.94; 7.62) | −7.27 (−14.88; 0.35) | −9.55 (−16.90; −2.21) * |
| Number of diseases | ||||||||
| 0 | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF |
| 1 | −4.88 (−8.91; −0.86) * | −4.45 (−8.47; −0.44) * | −1.45 (−5.05; 2.16) | −0.93 (−4.37; 2.52) | −0.85 (−4.07; 2.37) | −0.99 (−4.24; 2.27) | −1.71 (−4.93; 1.52) | −1.21 (−4.33; 1.91) |
| 2 | −8.95 (−14.44; −3.45) * | −8.95 (−14.39; −3.51) * | −4.83 (−9.75; 0.09) | −5.24 (−9.90; −0.58) * | −3.34 (−7.74; 1.06) | −3.49 (−7.89; 0.92) | −2.63 (−7.03; 1.77) | −3.06 (−7.29; 1.16) |
| 3 | −25.86 (−38.29; −13.44) * | −25.98 (−38.26; −13.70) * | −18.33 (−29.46; −7.20) * | −18.46 (−28.98; −7.93) * | −14.22 (−24.16; −4.27) * | −13.91 (−23.86; −3.97) * | −13.63 (−23.57; −3.68) * | −14.17 (−23.71; −4.63) * |
| Multi-morbidity (≥2 diseases) | ||||||||
| No | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF | REF |
| Yes | −9.75 (−14.89; −4.61) * | −9.94 (−15.02; −4.85) * | −6.28 (−10.81; −1.75) * | −6.82 (−11.12; −2.53) * | −4.61 (−8.65; −0.58) * | −4.65 (−8.70; −0.61) * | −3.63 (−7.68; 0.41) | −4.25 (−8.14; −0.37) * |
a Crude Coefficient; b Adjusted to age, employment, gender, living area, education, and marital status. * p < 0.05.