Table 2.
ECM-derived molecules in cancer prognosis.
| Solid Cancer Type | ECM Molecules | Patients | Prognostic Setting | Author (Reference) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Breast cancer (BC) | C1M, C3M, C4M, and pro-C3 C1M and C3M pro-C3 C1M, C3M, C4M, and pro-C3 |
Hormone receptor + metastatic BC HER2 + metastatic BC |
shorter OS 1 shorter TTP 2 shorter OS shorter TTP |
Lipton [58] |
| hyaluronic acid | Metastatic BC | shorter PFS 3 shorter OS |
Peng [59] | |
| Lung cancer (LC) | osteopontin | advanced non-small-cell lung cancer | shorter OS and PFS | Isa [60]; Mack [61] |
| osteopontin | non-small-cell lung cancer | worse OS | Takenaka [62] | |
| osteopontin | primary lung cancer | worse OS | Kerenidi [31] | |
| osteopontin | primary non-small-cell lung cancer | shorter DMFS 4 and OS | Rouanne [23] | |
| Thrombospondin-1 | longer OS | |||
| osteopontin/thrombospondin-1 | ↑ risk of metastases and death | |||
| Colorectal cancer (CRC) | COL4 | Metastatic CRC | at time of disease progression | Nystrom [63] |
| COL4 and CEA | Liver metastatic CRC | worse OS | Nystrom [64] | |
| TIMP-1 | CRC | poor prognosis | Lee [65] | |
| MMP8 | CRC left-sided CRC and no systemic inflammatory condition |
worse DSS 5 worse DSS worse DSS |
Bockelman [66] | |
| TIMP-1 | CRC left-sided CRC and no systemic inflammatory condition |
worse DSS worse DSS worse DSS |
||
| MMP9/TIMP-1 ratio | CRC | longer DSS | ||
| Urological cancer | MMP9/TIMP-2 ratio | Metastatic clear-cell RCC | shorter PFS | Miyake [41] |
| (Renal cell carcinoma—RCC; Urinary bladder cancer—UBC) | MMP7 MMP7 |
RCC UBC |
poor OS, DSS, and MFS 6 poor DSS and OS |
Niedworok [42] Szarvas [67] |
| endostatin | UBC | poor DSS and MFS | Szarvas [68] | |
| Pancreatic cancer (PC) | COL4 | PC | shorter OS | Ohlund [46] |
| COL4, endostatin (COL4A3), and osteopontin | PC | shorter OS | Franklin [48] |
1 OS: overall survival; 2 TTP: time to progression; 3 PFS: progression-free survival; 4 DMFS: distant metastasis-free survival; 5 DSS: disease-specific survival; 6 MFS: metastasis-free survival.