Table 1.
KRS‐103‐IV‐2 | KRS‐103‐IV‐9 | KRS‐103‐IV‐10 | KRS‐103‐IV‐13 | KRS‐103‐IV‐14 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender | F | F | F | M | F |
Age at onset (y) | 10 | 10 | 12 | 11 | 12 |
Age at exam (y) | 45 | 33 | 31 | 26 | 24 |
Presenting symptoms | Slowness of movements | Social isolation, seizure | Speech disorder, disequilibrium, Seizure | Slowness of movements, hand clumsiness | Speech disorder, slowness of movements, disequilibrium |
Cognitive deficit | Severe | Prominent | Mild | Mild | Mild |
Psychiatric problems | Visual hallucination, depression | Visual hallucination, depression | Depression, anxiety | Visual hallucination, depression | depression |
Hypokinesia | + | + | + | + | + |
Rigidity | + | + | + | + | + |
Dystonia | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ |
Tremor | + | + | + | + | + |
Postural instability | + | + | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ |
Spasticity | + | + | + | + | + |
Increased deep tendon reflexes | + | + | + | + | + |
Babinski sign | + | + | ‐ | + | ‐ |
Pes cavus | + | + | + | + | + |
Slow saccades | + | + | + | + | + |
Vertical gaze palsy | + | + | + | + | + |
Dysarthria | + | + | + | + | + |
Bladder/bowel dysfunction | + | + | ‐ | ‐ | ‐ |
FFF Myoclonus | + | + | + | + | + |
Seizure | ‐ | + | + | ‐ | ‐ |
Ataxia | Severe | Mild | Mild | Mild | Absent |
Brain MRI | Diffuse brain atrophy more prominent in fronto‐temporal region | Not done | Normal | Normal | Not done |
Other features | Action myoclonus, pseudobulbar affect | Freezing of gait | ‐ | Drooling | Drooling |
Abbreviations: F, Female; M, Male; FFF, facial‐faucial finger.