Table 2.

Univariable and multivariable associations of serum R-SH concentrations with clinical parameters in type 2 diabetes.

	Univariable		Multivariable
	St. Beta	P-value	St. Beta	P-value	Part correlation
Demographics
Age, years	−0.176	<0.001	−0.190	<0.001	−0.148
Diabetes duration, years	0.012	0.355	0.115	0.006	0.098
Male gender (male = 1)	−0.162	<0.001	0.219	<0.001	0.138
Current smoker	−0.012	0.363	−0.060	0.119	−0.056
BMI, kg/m2	−0.171	<0.001	−0.164	<0.001	−0.149
Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg	−0.051	<0.001	0.016	0.714	0.013
Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg	−0.054	<0.001	−0.093	0.033	−0.076
Complications
Microvascular complications	−0.070	<0.001	−0.088	0.282	−0.039
Micro-albuminuria	0.000	0.986	0.046	0.499	0.024
Macro-albuminuria	−0.064	<0.001	0.080	0.298	0.037
Retinopathy	−0.091	<0.001	−0.035	0.490	−0.027
Neuropathy	−0.065	<0.001	−0.024	0.685	−0.015
Macrovascular complications	−0.054	<0.001	−0.127	0.024	−0.081
Angina pectoris	0.001	0.935	0.068	0.089	0.061
Myocardial infarction	−0.057	<0.001	−0.013	0.791	0.009
PTCA	−0.026	0.049	0.000	0.994	0.000
CABG	−0.056	<0.001	−0.036	0.368	−0.032
TIA	0.055	<0.001	0.068	0.086	0.062
CVA	0.048	<0.001	0.036	0.336	0.034
Heart failure	−0.074	<0.001	−0.065	0.087	−0.061
Laboratory Measurements
HbA1c, mmol/mol	−0.135	<0.001	−0.204	<0.001	−0.182
Creatinine , µmol/L	−0.123	<0.001	−0.123	0.110	−0.057
eGFR (MDRD), ml/min/1.73 m2	0.036	0.007	0.097	0.167	0.050
Total cholesterol, mmol/L	−0.030	0.025	0.226	0.279	0.039
Total cholesterol:HDL ratio	−0.060	<0.001	−0.193	0.129	−0.054
HDL cholesterol, mmol/L	0.022	0.102	−0.169	0.205	−0.045
LDL cholesterol, mmol/L	−0.034	0.011	−0.073	0.584	−0.016
Triglycerides, mmol/L	−0.055	<0.001	−0.018	0.810	−0.009
Albumin:creatinine ratio, mg/mmol	−0.089	<0.001	−0.059	0.477	−0.025
Medication
Dietary measures only	−0.064	<0.001	0.121	0.229	0.041
Oral blood glucose lowering drugs	0.087	<0.001	0.025	0.849	0.007
Metformin	0.104	<0.001	0.125	0.155	0.049
Sulfonylurea derivatives	0.026	0.053	0.019	0.632	0.017
Thiazolinediones	−0.046	0.001	−0.044	0.230	−0.041
DDP4 inhibitors	−0.002	0.872	−0.027	0.447	−0.026
Insulin	−0.015	0.254	0.066	0.123	0.053
Antihypertensive drugs	−0.075	<0.001	−0.051	0.232	−0.041
Diuretics	−0.050	<0.001	−0.031	0.426	−0.027
Beta blockers	−0.005	0.723	0.044	0.270	0.038
Calcium antagonists	−0.035	0.011	−0.031	0.399	−0.029
RAAS blockers	−0.012	0.367	0.043	0.295	0.036
Cholesterol lowering drugs	0.013	0.343	−0.018	0.619	−0.017
Thrombocyte aggregation inhibitor	0.044	0.001	0.137	0.001	0.116

Significant (p < 0.05) values are emphasized in bold. Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; MI, myocardial infarction; PTCA, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; TIA, transient ischemic attack; CVA, cerebral vascular event; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, high-density lipoprotein; DDP4, dipeptidyl peptidase 4; RAAS, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system; R-SH, total free thiol groups.