Table 2.

History, clinical signs, laboratory values (at admission) and clinical pathology of foals with equine proliferative enteropathy (n = 5)

Parameter	Unit	Reference	Mean ± SD	Range	Number
History
Duration of disease before admission (days)		–	3 ± 2	1 to 7	5
Clinical signs
Heart rate	Bpm	28–44	58 ± 9	48 to 76	5
Respiratory rate	Rpm	12–24	18 ± 5	12 to 24	5
Complete blood count and biochemistry
Packed cell volume	L/L	0.32–0.50	0.41 ± 0.07	0.37 to 0.52	5
Leukocyte count	109/L	5.45–12.65	11.51 ± 3.14	8.47 to 17.00	5
Neutrophil count	109/L	2.26–7.22	6.13 ± 3.47	1.20 to 10.80	5
Serum protein	g/L	57.0–74.0.	30.1 ± 4.2	25.1 to 34.6	5
Albumin	g/L	28.0–40.0	15.8 ± 2.8	13.0 to 19.7	5
Fibrinogen	g/L	0.0–4.0	6.3 ± 2.2	4.2 to 10.6	5
Serum amyloid A	mg/L	0–30	943 ± 1366	108 to 3643	5
Iron	μmol/L	13.1–43.0	10.0 ± 3.4	4.0 to 12.8	5
Gamma-glutamyl transferase	U/L	4–19	6 ± 2	4 to 8	4
Total bilirubin	μmol/L	0.0–52.0	34.7 ± 8.2	22.7 to 41.9	5
Creatinine	μmol/L	30–130	102 ± 18	80 to 129	5
Creatinine kinase	U/L	0–348	267 ± 127	134 to 487	5
Asparate transaminase	U/L	228–366	168 ± 38	128 to 227	5
Sodium	mmol/L	136–142	122 ± 3	119 to 126	5
Potassium	mmol/L	2.6–5.0	3.1 ± 0.4	2.8 to 3.8	5
Chloride	mmol/L	99–109	98 ± 4	93 to 105	5
Ionised calcium	mmol/L	1.40–1.72	1.26 ± 0.08	1.14 to 1.34	5
Total magnesium	mmol/L	0.66–0.95	0.43 ± 0.08	0.29 to 0.52	5
Lactate	mmol/L	0.0–2.0	2.8 ± 2.0	0.7 to 6.2	5
Glucose	mmol/L	4.3–9.0	7.8 ± 2.4	6.5 to 11.3	5
pH		7.32–7.55	7.32 ± 0.07	7.20 to 7.40	5
Bicarbonate	mmol/L	24.0–30.0	20.0 ± 1.5	18.0 to 22.0	4
Base excess		− 4.0–4.0	− 6.1 ± 0.9	− 7.1 to − 6.2	3
Triglycerides	mmol/L	0.1–0.9	0.7 ± 0.1	0.6 to 0.8	2
Peritoneal fluid
Protein	g/L	0.0–10.0	4.5 ± 7.8	0.0 to 18.0	4
Total nucleated cell count	109/L	0.0–10.0	5.3 ± 6.2	0.2 to 14.2	3

Italics text: value outside reference range