Figure 3.

rdTBI induced atypical astrocytes. a, Confocal imaging showed that the astrocyte proteins Kir4.1, Glt1, GS, S100β, and Cx43 were downregulated in some astrocytes after rdTBI. GS and S100β were stained in the same brain slice. b, rdTBI resulted in downregulation of Kir4.1 and Glt1 either in large areas or in single astrocyte domains scattered across the cortical gray matter at 14 dpi. Consistent DAPI density across these regions, seen in the images to the left, indicated intact tissue. c, Unbiased stereology quantified the total area without Glt1 within the cortical gray matter after rdTBI compared with 3xSham at 1 dpi and 14 dpi. d, Stratifying these data based on sex does not reveal significant differences. See Figure 3-1 for breakdown of sample sizes dependent on sex for representative images and detailed numerical data for all statistical group comparisons. *p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01.