The mean evoked power (0–500 ms) at Cz was significantly associated with right STG volume in HCs, while it was not significantly associated with right STG volume in patients with SZ. SZ: mean evoked power = − 1.602 * right STG volume – 0.002 * TIV – 0.002 * CPZ equivalent +0.036 * duration of illness +19.721 + error, HC: mean evoked power = 2.031 * right STG volume – 0.012 * TIV + 9.196 + error. CPZ, chlorpromazine; HC, healthy control; STG, superior temporal gyrus; SZ, schizophrenia; TIV, total intracranial volume.