Table 5.
Factors associated with self-care behaviour in persons with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
| Linear model for type 1 DM model | Linear model for type 2 DM model | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Predictors | Estimates | Conf. Int (95%) | p | Estimates | Conf. Int (95%) | p |
| Intercept | 12.69 | 9.84 to 15.54 | <0.001* | 13.13 | 11.10 to 15.17 | <0.001* |
| AGE GROUP | ||||||
| 18–24 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| 25–29 years | 0.68 | −0.32 to 1.68 | 0.181 | |||
| 30–34 years | 0.59 | −0.41 to 1.58 | 0.249 | |||
| 35–39 years | 1.05 | 0.04 to 2.07 | 0.042* | |||
| 40 + years | 1.54 | 0.70 to 2.39 | <0.001* | |||
| ≤40 years | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| 41–60 years | 0.06 | −1.09 to 1.20 | 0.923 | |||
| >60 years | 0.91 | −0.38 to 2.20 | 0.168 | |||
| EDUCATIONAL STATUS | ||||||
| Politechnique diploma | 0.23 | −0.53 to 0.99 | 0.550 | 0.67 | −0.45 to 1.79 | 0.242 |
| Bachelor degree and above | 0.39 | −0.22 to 1.00 | 0.211 | 1.14 | 0.16 to 2.12 | 0.022* |
| SEX | ||||||
| Female | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Male | −0.95 | −1.54 to −0.36 | 0.002* | 0.59 | −0.30 to 1.47 | 0.193 |
| FIRST CONTACT FOR ASSISTANCE | ||||||
| Facebook group/Internet/Smartphone app | ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Health care provider | 1.02 | 0.44 to 1.60 | 0.001* | 1.17 | 0.22 to 2.12 | 0.015* |
| Friends, family or DSG | 0.21 | −0.87 to 1.29 | 0.702 | 1.20 | −0.46 to 2.87 | 0.155 |
| RESPONDENTS'ORIGIN | ||||||
| From low-income country | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| Upper-midlle country | 2.15 | −0.90 to 5.21 | 0.167 | 0.56 | −2.00 to 3.11 | 0.668 |
| High-income country | 2.03 | −0.65 to 4.71 | 0.138 | 0.78 | −0.66 to 2.22 | 0.287 |
| TYPE OF SMARTPHONE | ||||||
| Android | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| Apple | 0.16 | −0.38 to 0.69 | 0.563 | 0.78 | −0.14 to 1.71 | 0.097 |
| Windows | −1.13 | −4.90 to 2.63 | 0.555 | 0.63 | −3.84 to 5.09 | 0.782 |
| APP USE SKILLS | ||||||
| Highly skilled | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Poorrly skilled | 1.11 | −0.12 to 2.34 | 0.077 | 0.16 | −1.09 to 1.41 | 0.800 |
| DIABETES APP USE | ||||||
| Non-user | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| User | 1.08 | 0.46 to 1.70 | 0.001* | 1.18 | 0.26 to 2.09 | 0.012* |
| DIABETES SELF-MANAGEMENT CONCERN | ||||||
| Low | ref | ref | ref | ref | Ref | ref |
| High | −0.54 | −1.10 to 0.03 | 0.062 | 0.39 | −0.49 to 1.27 | 0.383 |
| CGM USER | ||||||
| No | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | −0.39 | −1.08 to 0.29 | 0.260 | 1.33 | −0.93 to 3.59 | 0.248 |
| GLYCEMIC CONTROL | ||||||
| Good | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Hyperglycemia | −0.91 | −1.54 to −0.27 | 0.005* | −0.36 | −1.32 to 0.61 | 0.467 |
| Hypoglycemia | 0.69 | −0.49 to 1.86 | 0.253 | 2.06 | −0.99 to 5.10 | 0.185 |
| PERCEIVED METABOLIC CONTROL | ||||||
| Well-controlled | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Neutral | −0.68 | −1.39 to 0.03 | 0.062 | −1.86 | −2.95 to −0.77 | 0.001* |
| Poorly-controlled | −2.56 | −3.51 to −1.61 | <0.001* | −3.39 | −4.65 to −2.14 | <0.001* |
| PERCEIVED CONFIDENCE IN DIABETES SELF-MANAGEMENT | ||||||
| Highly confident | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Neutral | −0.70 | −1.61 to 0.21 | 0.131 | −0.09 | −1.36 to 1.18 | 0.889 |
| Not confident | −0.74 | −1.49 to 0.01 | 0.054 | −1.13 | −2.17 to −0.09 | 0.034* |
*
statistically significant.