Figure 5. Calcium signalling in response to osmotic stress and expression levels of associated genes at 3 and 24 h of osmotic stress.

Calcium mainly plays its role through Cam/CML, CDPK and Rboh responding to osmotic stress in plants (A). Expression levels of genes associated with osmotic stress in the ABA-independent and -dependent pathways at 3 h (B) and 24 h (C).