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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Mar 8.
Published in final edited form as: J Pediatr. 2018 Feb 2;195:59–65.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.12.010

Table II.

Outcomes of the study sample: no cystic periventricular leukomalacia vs disappeared cystic periventricular leukomalacia vs persistent cystic periventricular leukomalacia vs late cystic periventricular leukomalacia

Outcomes No cystic periventricular leukomalacia (A) Disappeared Cystic periventricular leukomalacia (B) Persistent cystic periventricular leukomalacia (C) Late cystic periventricular leukomalacia (D) A vs B P value, OR (95% CI) B vs C P value B vs D P value C vs D P value
Children at follow-up N = 6376 N = 72 N = 76 N = 257
Late death (death after 36 wk) or 22–26 mo corrected age follow-up 370 (6) 5 (7) 7 (9) 40 (16) .68, 1.21 (0.49, 3.02) .61 .06 .16
Late death or NDI on 18–22 mo 1776 (28) 38 (53) 38 (50) 146 (57) <.01, 2.89 (1.82, 4.61) .74 .54 .29
Infants surviving to 18–22 mo or 22–26 mo corrected age follow-up N = 5240 N = 63 N = 57 N = 190
NDI 1406 (27) 33 (52) 31 (54) 106 (56) <.01, 3.00 (1.82, 4.94) .83 .64 .85
Unimpaired 4004 (76) 27 (43) 26 (46) 76 (40) <.01, 0.23 (0.14, 0.38) .76 .69 .45
Moderate/severe CP 355 (7) 22 (35) 23 (40) 72 (38) <.01, 7.37 (4.34, 12.51) .54 .67 .74
Bayley II Mental Development Index <70 746 (39) 10 (71) 13 (87) 36 (58) .01, 3.93 (1.23, 12.59) .31 .36 .04
Psychomotor Development Index <70 551 (29) 9 (64) 11 (73) 42 (69) <.01, 4.45 (1.48, 13.34) .60 .74 .74
Bayley III Cognitive <70 316 (10) 16 (33) 11 (27) 43 (35) <.01, 4.70 (2.55, 8.67) .51 .87 .35
Bayley III Cognitive <85 943 (29) 24 (50) 20 (49) 66 (53) <.01, 2.49 (1.41, 4.40) .91 .70 .62
Bayley III Motor score <70 302 (13) 13 (37) 8 (30) 36 (45) <.01, 3.98 (1.98, 7.98) .54 .43 .16
Bayley III Motor score <85 772 (33) 21 (60) 15 (56) 56 (70) <.01, 3.04 (1.54, 6.01) .73 .29 .17
Bayley III Language <70 611 (19) 18 (38) 13 (32) 42 (35) <.01, 2.57 (1.43, 4.65) .57 .73 .73
Bayley III Language <85 1653 (51) 28 (58) 21 (51) 79 (65) .32, 1.34 (0.75, 2.39) .50 .40 .11
Bayley III scores (mean ± SD)
 Cognitive composite score 51.9 ± 8.0 47.2 ± 12.5 50.5 ± 11.0 46.7 ± 9.8 <.01, 0.94 (0.92, 0.97) .23 .79 .06
 Language composite score 83.6 ± 16.7 78.9 ± 21.9 79.2 ± 21.5 74.9 ± 18.5 .06, 0.98 (0.97, 1.00) .94 .23 .21

CP, cerebral palsy.

Percentages based on nonmissing responses.