Table II.
Outcomes of the study sample: no cystic periventricular leukomalacia vs disappeared cystic periventricular leukomalacia vs persistent cystic periventricular leukomalacia vs late cystic periventricular leukomalacia
| Outcomes | No cystic periventricular leukomalacia (A) | Disappeared Cystic periventricular leukomalacia (B) | Persistent cystic periventricular leukomalacia (C) | Late cystic periventricular leukomalacia (D) | A vs B P value, OR (95% CI) | B vs C P value | B vs D P value | C vs D P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Children at follow-up | N = 6376 | N = 72 | N = 76 | N = 257 | ||||
| Late death (death after 36 wk) or 22–26 mo corrected age follow-up | 370 (6) | 5 (7) | 7 (9) | 40 (16) | .68, 1.21 (0.49, 3.02) | .61 | .06 | .16 |
| Late death or NDI on 18–22 mo | 1776 (28) | 38 (53) | 38 (50) | 146 (57) | <.01, 2.89 (1.82, 4.61) | .74 | .54 | .29 |
| Infants surviving to 18–22 mo or 22–26 mo corrected age follow-up | N = 5240 | N = 63 | N = 57 | N = 190 | ||||
| NDI | 1406 (27) | 33 (52) | 31 (54) | 106 (56) | <.01, 3.00 (1.82, 4.94) | .83 | .64 | .85 |
| Unimpaired | 4004 (76) | 27 (43) | 26 (46) | 76 (40) | <.01, 0.23 (0.14, 0.38) | .76 | .69 | .45 |
| Moderate/severe CP | 355 (7) | 22 (35) | 23 (40) | 72 (38) | <.01, 7.37 (4.34, 12.51) | .54 | .67 | .74 |
| Bayley II Mental Development Index <70 | 746 (39) | 10 (71) | 13 (87) | 36 (58) | .01, 3.93 (1.23, 12.59) | .31 | .36 | .04 |
| Psychomotor Development Index <70 | 551 (29) | 9 (64) | 11 (73) | 42 (69) | <.01, 4.45 (1.48, 13.34) | .60 | .74 | .74 |
| Bayley III Cognitive <70 | 316 (10) | 16 (33) | 11 (27) | 43 (35) | <.01, 4.70 (2.55, 8.67) | .51 | .87 | .35 |
| Bayley III Cognitive <85 | 943 (29) | 24 (50) | 20 (49) | 66 (53) | <.01, 2.49 (1.41, 4.40) | .91 | .70 | .62 |
| Bayley III Motor score <70 | 302 (13) | 13 (37) | 8 (30) | 36 (45) | <.01, 3.98 (1.98, 7.98) | .54 | .43 | .16 |
| Bayley III Motor score <85 | 772 (33) | 21 (60) | 15 (56) | 56 (70) | <.01, 3.04 (1.54, 6.01) | .73 | .29 | .17 |
| Bayley III Language <70 | 611 (19) | 18 (38) | 13 (32) | 42 (35) | <.01, 2.57 (1.43, 4.65) | .57 | .73 | .73 |
| Bayley III Language <85 | 1653 (51) | 28 (58) | 21 (51) | 79 (65) | .32, 1.34 (0.75, 2.39) | .50 | .40 | .11 |
| Bayley III scores (mean ± SD) | ||||||||
| Cognitive composite score | 51.9 ± 8.0 | 47.2 ± 12.5 | 50.5 ± 11.0 | 46.7 ± 9.8 | <.01, 0.94 (0.92, 0.97) | .23 | .79 | .06 |
| Language composite score | 83.6 ± 16.7 | 78.9 ± 21.9 | 79.2 ± 21.5 | 74.9 ± 18.5 | .06, 0.98 (0.97, 1.00) | .94 | .23 | .21 |
CP, cerebral palsy.
Percentages based on nonmissing responses.