TABLE 2.
Nutrient intakes per 1000 kcal in low- and high-GHGE diets, adults ≥18 y, NHANES 2005–20101
| Low-GHGE diet2 (n = 3545) | High-GHGE diet2 (n = 3303) | P 3 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| GHGE, kg CO2 eq/1000 kcal | 0.90 ± 0.00 | 4.54 ± 0.03 | |
| % total GHGE/1000 kcal | 8.2% | 41.1% | |
| Dietary fiber, g/1000 kcal | 8.77 ± 0.16 | 7.11 ± 0.11 | <0.001 |
| Vitamin A, µg RAE/1000 kcal | 269.21 ± 7.97 | 304.80 ± 9.96 | 0.006 |
| Vitamin C, mg/1000 kcal | 40.10 ± 1.28 | 43.03 ± 1.52 | 0.145 |
| Vitamin D (D2 + D3), µg/1000 kcal | 1.75 ± 0.05 | 2.11 ± 0.06 | <0.001 |
| Vitamin E as α-tocopherol, mg/1000 kcal | 3.99 ± 0.08 | 3.38 ± 0.1 | <0.001 |
| Total choline, mg/1000 kcal | 119.72 ± 1.27 | 192.99 ± 1.81 | <0.001 |
| Iron, mg/1000 kcal | 7.44 ± 0.11 | 7.99 ± 0.1 | <0.001 |
| Calcium, mg/1000 kcal | 393.67 ± 5.24 | 457.34 ± 5.71 | <0.001 |
| Magnesium, mg/1000 kcal | 145.21 ± 1.92 | 145.79 ± 1.6 | 0.787 |
| Potassium, mg/1000 kcal | 1165.89 ± 13.16 | 1421.55 ± 16.04 | <0.001 |
| Sodium, mg/1000 kcal | 1510.42 ± 12.95 | 1774.93 ± 15.96 | <0.001 |
| Total saturated fatty acids, g/1000 kcal | 9.85 ± 0.09 | 13.46 ± 0.09 | <0.001 |
1
Values are mean ± SE. CO2-eq, carbon dioxide equivalent; GHGE, greenhouse gas emissions; RAE, retinol activity equivalent.
2
Low-GHGE diets are defined as those in the lowest quintile of GHGE (kg CO2-eq/1000 kcal per day). High-GHGE diets are defined as those in the highest quintile of GHGE per 1000 kcal per day.
3
Determined by t test. Statistical tests were not run on the GHGE continuous variable (first 2 rows), because the quintile groups were based on it.