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. 2019 Mar 8;9:3927. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-40406-y

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Group 1: Central serous chorioretinopathy in a 47-year-old male first presented in 2013. (A) Fundus color photography shows pigmentary change and serous elevation. (B) Optical coherence tomography (OCT) with enhanced depth imaging vertical section shows a subretinal fluid with double layer sign (yellow arrowhead) and large choroidal vessels. (C) Late phase of fluorescein angiography (FA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) shows a leaking point and hyperfluorescence spots (region in the circle of yellow line) on perifoveal area. CSC was treated with photodynamic therapy (PDT). (D) In 2016, fundus color photography shows RPE changes. (E) OCT scan shows a CNV membrane and disruption of RPE layer. (F) FA and ICGA shows an early hyperfluorescence with late leakage. The patient was treated with three intravitreal bevacizumab injections. (G) OCT scan shows significant improvement without subretinal fluid or CNV membrane. BCVA was 20/20 without further treatment.