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. 2019 Mar 8;9:3927. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-40406-y

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Group 2: Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in a 48-year-old male first presented in 2009 with a history of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) 10 years ago. (A) Fundus color photography shows subretinal hemorrhage and exudation. (B) Optical coherence tomography (OCT) with enhanced depth imaging horizontal section shows RPE disruption, hemorrhage, cystoid macula edema and pachychoroid. (C) Late phase of fluorescein angiography shows two leaking points and hyperfluorescence on perifoveal area. (D) Indocyanine green angiography shows choroidal hyperpermeability in early phase and blocked hypofluorescence with leakage in late phase. CNV was treated with three intravitreal bevacizumab injections. (E) After treatment, fundus color photography shows RPE changes. (F) OCT scan shows significant improvement without subretinal exudation or CNV membrane except double layer sign and RPE changes. BCVA was 20/20 without further treatment.