Table-I.
Characteristics of the study participants*.
| Characteristics | Total (n=2112) | Normal (n=1888)† | GDM (n=224) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal age (years) | 30(27-34) | 30(27-33) | 33(29-36) | 0.000 |
| Parity | 1(1-2) | 1(1-2) | 2(1-2) | 0.000 |
| Maternal BMI (kg/m2) | ||||
| Pregestation | 20.03(18.75-21.59) | 20.00(18.75-21.48) | 20.73(2.50) | 0.159 |
| Delivery | 25.78(24.07-27.56) | 25.78(24.09-27.64) | 25.50(2.55) | 0.373 |
| Gain | 5.54(1.87) | 5.77(4.58-6.86) | 4.76(1.97) | 0.003 |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 4.43(4.19-4.67) | 4.41(4.18-4.65) | 4.60(4.30-4.86) | 0.000 |
| 75-g OGTT (mmol/L) | ||||
| 0 hour | 3.94(4.13-4.35) | 4.11(3.93-4.32) | 4.43(4.16-4.77) | 0.000 |
| 1 hour | 7.24(6.19-8.39) | 7.04(6.05-8.06) | 10.07(9.24-10.70) | 0.000 |
| 2 hour | 6.45(5.64-7.35) | 6.30(5.56-7.03) | 8.94(8.51-9.64) | 0.000 |
| Gestational age at delivery (weeks) | 39.29(38.57-40) | 39.29(38.57-40.14) | 39.00(38.43-39.71) | 0.001 |
| Birth method (assisted vaginal delivery or cesarean section) (%) | 35.9(758) | 35(660) | 43.8(98) | 0.010 |
| Postpartum hemorrhage volume (ml) | 310 (255-380) | 305 (255-380) | 330 (265-420) | 0.001 |
| Neonatal birth weight (kg) | 3.20 (2.95-3.50) | 3.20(2.95-3.50) | 3.20(2.95-3.55) | 0.092 |
| Low Apgar score (≤ 7 at 1 or 5 minutes) (%) | 1.4(30) | 1.2(23) | 3.1(7) | 0.022 |
*
Values are mean (SD), medians (interquartile ranges) or percentage,
†
Compared with GDM group BMI, body mass index; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test.