Table 1.

Summary of transgenerational effects of nutrition on life-history traits. (The first column indicates the generation/diet effect, and the remaining columns indicate the phenotypes. p-values from the GAMLSS have been summarized in this table. Statistically significant (p-value < 0.05) effects are indicated in italics.)

generation/diet effect	L1-LP development (days)	LP-adult development (days)	L1-adult development (days)	wing length (mm)	pupal mass (mg)	ovariole number	egg volume (mm3)
F0 diet	<0.0001	0.0548	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	0.0724
F1 diet	<0.0001	0.1437	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	0.0088
F0 diet	0.2452	0.1766	0.4700	<0.0001	0.1381	0.4550	0.7916
F1 diet × F0 diet	0.0072	0.0263	0.2430	0.0104	0.0108	0.9670	0.2971F0
F2 diet	<0.0001	0.0009	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	0.0028
F0 diet	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	0.0004	0.7707	0.0999	<0.0001
F1 diet	0.0001	0.0891	0.0220	0.6826	0.9954	0.4501	<0.0001
F2 diet × F0 diet	0.8534	0.0026	0.0444	0.0945	0.5814	0.0746	0.0364
F2 diet × F1 diet	0.0123	0.2701	0.1041	0.6701	0.6653	0.1321	<0.0001
F0 diet × F1 diet	0.5780	0.7654	0.3402	0.1207	0.2799	0.3018	<0.0001
F2 diet × F0 diet × F1 diet	0.1463	0.669132	0.109	0.4106	0.00241	0.9439	0.0048