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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Alzheimers Dement. 2018 Oct 25;15(3):418–428. doi: 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.09.008

Table 5.

Estimated annual rates of cognitive change (z-score units) across groups

Verbal Learning & Memory Speed & Flexibility

Hypertension β [95% CI] β [95% CI]
Aβ−/HTN− −0.039 [−0.083, 0.005] 0.002 [−0.037, 0.041]
Aβ+/HTN− −0.043 [−0.089, 0.002] −0.011 [−0.051, 0.029]
Aβ−/HTN+ −0.033 [−0.083, 0.017] −0.001 [−0.044, 0.042]
Aβ+/HTN+ −0.091 [−0.150, −0.032] −0.020 [−0.073, 0.032]

Obesity

Aβ−/OB− −0.043 [−0.089, 0.002] 0.005 [−0.035, 0.045]
Aβ+/OB− −0.038 [−0.084, 0.009] −0.010 [−0.051, 0.030]
Aβ−/OB+ −0.032 [−0.077, 0.013] 0.001 [−0.039, 0.040]
Aβ+/OB+ −0.082 [−0.134, −0.030] −0.014 [−0.059, 0.031]

Depression

Aβ−/DEP− −0.038 [−0.082, 0.007] −0.0001 [−0.039, 0.038]
Aβ+/DEP− −0.056 [−0.102, −0.011] −0.014 [−0.053, 0.026]
Aβ−/DEP+ −0.067 [−0.127, −0.006] −0.030 [−0.085, 0.025]
Aβ+/DEP+ −0.028 [−0.102, 0.046] −0.035 [−0.095, 0.025]

Aβ=beta-amyloid; HTN=hypertension; OB=obesity; DEP=depression