eTable 1.

Algorithm for the diagnosis of depression

1. At least one of the two following symptoms in the last 12 months:

(a) A period, lasting several days, of feeling sad, empty or depressed.

(b) A period lasting several days with a loss of interest in most things the participant usually enjoys such as personal relationships, work or hobbies/recreation.

AND

2. The period of sadness/loss of interest/low energy lasted for more than two weeks and was most of the day and nearly every day.

AND

3. Five or more of the following symptoms:

(a) Loss of appetite

(b) Insomnia (problems falling asleep or waking up too early)

(c) Decreased energy or tiredness all the time

(d) Slowing down in moving around or restless/jittery.

(e) Negative feelings/loss of confidence or frequent feelings of hopelessness.

(f) Slowed thinking or difficulties concentrating (e.g., listening to others, working, watching TV, listening to the radio).

(g) Thoughts of death, wishes of own death or suicide attempt.

(h) Feelings of sadness, emptiness or depression lasting several days.

(i) Anhedonia: loss of interest in things the participant usually enjoys.