(A) Surgical schematic of bile diversion operations6. Mice underwent surgical bile diversion to the ileum (GB-IL) or no operation (Chow). Average body weight (B, E), interval body composition assessments (C, F), daily food intake (D, G), oral glucose excursions (H and J) and glucose area under the curve (AUC; I and K) in high-fat diet- (HFD-) fed obese Tgr5−/− and FxrΔ/E mice after bile diversion to the ileum (GB-IL). (Tgr5−/−: n=14 Con HFD, 5 GB-IL; FxrΔ/E n=5 Con HFD, 7 GB-IL). Data are represented as the mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis using Student’s t-test. ***P<0.001; ****P<0.0001.