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. 2019 Mar 4;9:42. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00042

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Copyright © 2019 Eisenreich, Rudel, Heesemann and Goebel.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Viruses influence the activity of central metabolic regulators. Viral factors (see text and Tables 1, 2 for details) activate components of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR cascade or HIF-1α (see Figure 3) or inactivate the tumor suppressor p53. These interactions lead in general to enhanced glucose uptake, increased aerobic glycolysis and enhanced PPP activity as well as to activation of anabolic pathways in the infected host cells. Activation of Myc by some viral factors enhances especially Gln uptake and glutaminolysis. For abbreviations see Figures 1, 2.