Table 1.
DNA-viruses: Interactions of viral factors and host cell targets that have been shown or are expected to cause metabolic reprogramming of the virus-infected cells.
| DNA viruses | Interacting viral components | Cellular targets | Used host cells and reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| HCMV | IE1, IE2 | Akt (+) | ts 13 cell line (mutant of the baby hamster kidney cell line BHK-21) (Yu and Alwine, 2002) |
| Unknown | PI3K/Akt (+) HIF-1 (+) |
Human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF2) and human fetal lung cells (HFL) (McFarlane et al., 2011) |
|
| Unknown | PTEN (+) | Primary human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) (Shen et al., 2006) |
|
| pUL38 | TSC/AMPK (+) | Human foreskin fibroblasts and 293T cell line (Moorman et al., 2008) |
|
| mTORC1 (+) | (Brunton et al., 2013) | ||
| pUL37x1 | CaMKK/AMPK (+) | Primary human foreskin fibroblasts (Sharon-Friling et al., 2006) |
|
| Unknown | Glycolysis, TCA, FAS (+) | MRC-5 fibroblast cell line and MDCK cell line (Munger et al., 2008) |
|
| Unknown | AMPK (+) | MRC-5 fibroblast cell line (McArdle et al., 2012) |
|
| Unknown | SREBP-1 (+) | Human foreskin fibroblasts (HFs) (Yu et al., 2012) |
|
| Unknown | ChREBP (+) | Primary and life-extended human foreskin fibroblasts (Yu et al., 2014) |
|
| HSV-1 | Unknown | Myc-induced GLS | Primary normal human bronchial epithelial cells (NHBE) (Thai et al., 2015) |
| Unknown | Pyc (+) | Primary human foreskin fibroblasts (HFFs), ARPE19 human retinal pigment epithelial cell line, Vero green monkey kidney epithelial cell line, MRC-5 human embryonic lung fibroblast cell line (Vastag et al., 2011) |
|
| KSHV (HHV-8) | Unknown | HIF-1 (+) | Primary dermal human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC-d) and hTERT-TIME cell line (Delgado et al., 2010) |
| LANA | p53 (–) | Renal carcinoma VHL-null cell line 786-O, human osteosarcoma p53-null cell line Saos-2, BJAB, DG75 and Louckes KSHV-negative type cell lines, and BC-3, BCBL-1, JSC-1 and BC-1 KSHV-positive cell lines (Cai et al., 2006) |
|
| LANA | HIF-1 (+) | KSHV-positive cell lines (BCBL-1 and BC-3) and KSHV-negative type cells (BJAB and DG75), renal carcinoma VHL-null cell line 786-O, human osteosarcoma p53-null cell line Saos-2, and human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) and U2OS cell lines (Cai et al., 2007) |
|
| miRNAs | EGLN2 and HSPA9 (–) | LEC, BCLB-1 cells latently infected with recombinant GFP KSHV, 293T, U2OS, and Vero cells (Yogev et al., 2014) |
|
| Unknown | Neutral lipid synthesis (+) | HUVEC cells (Angius et al., 2015) |
|
| Unknown | Myc induced glutaminolysis (+) | Tert-immortilized microvascular endothelial (TIME) cells and primary human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (hDMVECs) (Sanchez et al., 2015) |
|
| ADV | E1A and E1B | p53, RB (–) | Sf9 insect cell line and HeLa S3 cell line (Martin and Berk, 1998) |
| E1A | Myc (+) | (Chakraborty and Tansey, 2009) | |
| E4-ORF1 | PI3K (+) | Human epithelial cells (Kumar et al., 2014) |
|
| E4-ORF1 | Myc (+) | Epithelial cell line MCF10A and primary human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells (Thai et al., 2014, 2015) |
|
| EBV | LMP1 | Glycolysis (+) | Immortalized NP69 nasopharyngeal epithelial cell line and other cell lines (Xiao et al., 2014) |
| HIF-1 (+) | KH-1 and KH-2 cell lines (derived by fusion of HeLa and KR-4, and EBV-positive type III lymphoblastoid cell line) and HeLa cells (Kondo et al., 2006) |
||
| HIF-1 (+) | MCF7 breast carcinoma cell line, B lymphoblastoid cell line (LCL), and peripheral B-cells (Darekar et al., 2012) |
||
| BZLF1 | p53 (–) | Human osteosarcoma cell line Saos-2, human epithelial 293T cells and 293/EBV cells, EBV-positive marmoset B lymphocytes B95-8 cells and Tet-BZLF1/B95-8 cells (Sato et al., 2009) |
|
| HPV-16 (18) | E6 | p53 (–) | Primary human oral fibroblasts, primary human keratinocytes; NIH 3T3, Bosc23, Phoenix, and HaCaT cell lines (Tommasino et al., 2003) |
| Akt/TORC1 (+) | Primary human foreskin keratinocytes (HFKs), human embryonic kidney cell lines HEK293 and 293T (HEK293 stably expressing the SV40 large T antigen), and human osteosarcoma cell line U2OS (Spangle and Munger, 2010) |
||
| SGLT1 (+) | HeLa cells (Leiprecht et al., 2011) |
||
| HIF-1 (+) | Epidermoid cervical carcinoma cell line (CaSki) and HEK293T cells (Guo et al., 2014) |
||
| E6 and E7 | HIF-1 (+) | Human lung cancer NSCLC cell lines, human adenocarcinomic epithelial cell line A549, human adenocarcinoma cell line and human lung cancer cell line H157 (Tang et al., 2007) |
|
| E7 | PKM2 | Mouse embryo fibroblast cell line NIH 3T3 and 14/2 cell line (Zwerschke et al., 1999) |
|
| PI3K/Akt (+) | NIH 3T3 cells, 14/2 cell line E7, and HEK293 cells (Pim et al., 2005) |
||
| HIF-1 (+) | Neonatal foreskin keratinocytes (Bodily et al., 2011) |
||
| E2 | HIF-1 (+) | Human epithelial cell line C33-A and human osteoblast-like cell line Saos-2 (Lai et al., 2013) |
|
| SV40 | T-Ag | p53 (–) | (Jiang et al., 1993) |
| Fibroblast cell line CV-1 and primary AGMK cells (Yu et al., 2005) |
|||
| AMPK (+) and mTOR (+) | Human lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC), BCLB-1 cell line, U2Os cell line, and Vero cell line (Kumar and Rangarajan, 2009) |
||
| VACV | C16 | HIF-1 (+) | Human immortalized microvascular endothelial (TIME) cells, primary dermal human microvascular endothelial cells (d-HMVECs), and primary human dermal BECs (Mazzon et al., 2015) |
| HBV | HBx | HIF-1 (+) | Chang X-34, HepG2, HeLa, HEK 293, and NIH3T3 cell lines (Yoo et al., 2008) |
| Rab18(+) | Human HCC H7402, HepG2, and HEK 293T cell lines (You et al., 2013) |
||
| Unknown | SREBP1/ACL (+) | HuH-7 and HepG2 cell lines (Teng et al., 2015) |
The host cells used in the studies are also indicated. ADV, adenovirus; EBV, Epstein-Barr virus; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCMV, human cytomegalovirus; HPV, human papilloma virus; HSV-1, herpes simplex virus; KSHV (also called HHV-8), Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus; SV40, simian virus 40; VACV, vaccinia virus. For abbreviations of the cellular targets see text; unknown means: the viral factor responsible for host cell target binding and activation has not yet been determined.