Table 4.

Nocebo experiments reporting sex in healthy volunteers either by verbal induction or conditioning of the response (data in part from Vambheim and Flaten, 2017, supplemented by further studies).

Reference	No (Fem)	Method	Condition	Condition	Sex
Swider and Babel, 2013	84 (42)	Conditioning	Pain	Noc	F > M
Aslaksen et al., 2015	111 (76)	Verbal	Pain	Noc	F > M
Klosterhalfen et al., 2009 (1)	48 (24)	Conditioning	Nausea	Noc	F > M
Faasse et al., 2015	82 (51)	Conditioning	AE	Noc	F > M
Lorber et al., 2007	86 (51)	Conditioning	AE	Noc	F > M
Elsenbruch et al., 2019	60 (30)	Verbal	Visceral pain	Noc	F = M
Stumpf et al., 2016	100 (50)	Verbal	Itch	Noc	F = M
Klosterhalfen et al., 2009 (2)	48 (24)	Verbal	Nausea	Noc	M > F

No (Fem), Total number of volunteers included (number of females); Intervention, Placebo (Pla), nocebo (Noc); Sex, M = males, F = Females; AE, Adverse events.