Table 1.

Key features of BETTER RCTs in sepsis and septic shock compared to oncology RCTs that lead to BETTER outcomes.

Condition	Biomarker-guided (therapy examples)	Early (in time and disease progression) (examples)	antibioTic adjuvanTs	in ER
Sepsis/septic shock	Vasopressin Norepinephrine Angiotensin-II Corticosteroids PCSK9 inhibition CETP inhibition Weaning from ventilation	Vasopressin EGDT	PCSK9 inhibition CETP inhibition	Within 1–2 h recruitment in ER
Cancer	Expression levels (HER2 neu for Herceptin)	Early stage cancer	Chemotherapy Adjuvants- Immune therapies	clinics/offices (prior to need for hospitalization)