Figure 4.

Impact of ERF4 on WRKY53 expression. Transient expression assays were performed in Arabidopsis protoplasts with a 2.8 kbp fragment of the WKRY53 promoter that drives expression of GUS in Col-0 and esp/esr mutant leaf protoplasts. Values represent fold-change of GUS-activity relative to the empty vector after normalization to luciferase activity from a minimum of four experiments. Error bars indicate ±SE. Statistical differences were determined by one sample t-test (* p ≤ 0.05, ** p ≤ 0.005, *** p ≤ 0.0005).