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. 2019 Feb 18;9(2):282. doi: 10.3390/nano9020282

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Scheme 2 — Synthesis of GQD@Pyr-RF and GQD-PEG-BFG@Pyr-RF. Reagents and conditions: (a) Riboflavin, EDC·HCl, ETA, DMAP, HOBt, CH₂Cl₂,1 h, r.t., then 1-pyrene butyric acid, 5 d, r.t.; (b) GQD-PEG-BFG or GQD, Pyr-RF, PBS (pH 7.4), 5 d, r.t.