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. 2019 Feb 16;11(2):163. doi: 10.3390/v11020163

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Replication and shedding of H7 LPAI viruses in the trachea of 2-week-old SPF (specific-pathogen-free) chickens (A) and turkeys (B). Birds were intranasally inoculated with 200 µL of each virus (10⁷ pfu/mL). Trachea samples were collected for virus titration in MDCK cells on days 3 pi. Virus titers were expressed as 50% tissue culture infectious dose (TCID₅₀/g). Swab (oral and cloacal) samples were collected for virus shedding. Viral replication was confirmed by amplifying the virus in MDCK cells. At 72 h post-infection, viral replication was determined by HA assay.