Table 2.
Comparison of neuro-cognition test scores between patients with first-episode schizophrenia and controls
| Variables (mean(SD)) | Patients with first-episode schizophrenia (n=37) | Control group (n=30) | p | Statistical values |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year-old) | 23.49(4.81) | 22.10(3.53) | 0.192 | t=-1.32 |
| Gender (male/female) | 25/12 | 17/13 | 0.359 | x2=0.84 |
| Education level (year) | 12.38(2.66) | 13.90(2.78) | 0.260 | t=2.28 |
| Duration of illness (month) | 10.57(9.18) | |||
| Clock Drawing Test | 8.73(1.41) | 9.33(0.88) | 0.045 a | t=2.04 |
| Trail Marking Test | ||||
| Trail A | 58.05(19.12) | 38.80(8.86) | <0.001 a | t=-5.45 |
| Trail B | 119.38(29.25) | 75.33(14.99) | <0.001 a | t=-7.96 |
| Digit Span Test | ||||
| Forward | 8.05(1.08) | 8.87(1.48) | 0.012 a | t=2.60 |
| Backward | 5.30(1.22) | 6.30(1.82) | 0.009 a | t=2.69 |
| Total score | 13.35(1.86) | 15.17(2.79) | 0.002 a | t=3.18 |
| Auditory Verbal Learning Test | ||||
| First trial | 3.27(1.43) | 5.27(1.60) | <0.001 a | t=5.40 |
| Second trial | 5.22(1.78) | 7.97(2.04) | <0.001 a | t=5.89 |
| Third trial | 6.22(1.80) | 9.47(1.81) | <0.001 a | t=7.33 |
| Forth trial | 4.43(2.46) | 8.33(2.15) | <0.001 a | t=6.83 |
| Wisconsin Card Sorting Test | ||||
| Number of responses | 119.95(14.86) | 105.13(21.08) | 0.001 a | t=-3.37 |
| Number of sorting | 3.19(2.21) | 5.30(1.34) | <0.001 a | t=4.817 |
| Number of correct responses | 67.84(12.64) | 75.30(11.64) | 0.015 a | t=2.49 |
| Correct rate (%) | 57.85(14.55) | 73.31(11.95) | <0.001 a | t=4.68 |
| Verbal Fluency Test | 19.62(5.25) | 27.07(5.84) | <0.001 a | t=5.49 |
| Semantic Similarity Test | 16.32(4.58) | 20.93(3.36) | <0.001 a | t=4.59 |
| Stroop Color-Word Test | ||||
| Card A reaction time | 24.54(6.00) | 18.83 (3.11) | <0.001 a | t=-4.72 |
| Card A number of correct answers | 49.73(0.65) | 49.87 (0.51) | 0.350 | t=0.94 |
| Card B reaction time | 46.86(18.41) | 30.53 (6.65) | <0.001 a | t=-4.62 |
| Card B number of correct answers | 48.97(3.06) | 49.87 (0.43) | 0.118 | t=1.59 |
| Card C reaction time | 88.70(37.07) | 55.70 (11.55) | <0.001 a | t=-4.69 |
| Card C number of correct answers | 48.86(1.78) | 49.93 (1.80) | 0.018 a | t=2.43 |
Note: a p<0.05; mean (SD); df=59.