Table 5.
Comparison between CHF patients in Egypt and other countries participating in ESC‐HF long‐term registry (other regions)
| Egypt (n = 670) | Other regions (n = 9625) | P‐value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), median (IQR) | 57 (46–64) | 67 (58–76) | <0.0001 |
| Age ≥ 70 years, % | 12.4 | 41.9 | <0.0001 |
| SBP (mmHg), median (IQR) | 120 (110–133) | 121 (110–138) | <0.0001 |
| BMI (kg/m2), median (IQR) | 27.7 (24.2–31.2) | 27.5 (24.6–30.9) | 0.450 |
| BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, % | 33.2 | 30.6 | 0.160 |
| Females, % | 35.8 | 28.3 | <0.0001 |
| EF (%), median (IQR) | 40 (30–46) | 35 (27–45) | <0.0001 |
| EF > 45%, % | 25.6a | 22.9b | 0.230 |
| Atrial fibrillation, % | 24.8 | 38.0 | <0.0001 |
| Diabetes mellitus, % | 31.8 | 31.1 | 0.0012 |
| Hypertension, % | 40.8 | 60.5 | <0.0001 |
| Renal dysfunction, % | 13.4 | 18.5 | 0.0014 |
| Hepatic dysfunction, % | 5.4 | 3.2 | 0.0035 |
| COPD, % | 13.3 | 14.2 | 0.550 |
| Prior stroke/TIA, % | 5.1 | 9.7 | <0.0001 |
| PAD, % | 7.5 | 12.4 | 0.0002 |
| Smokers (current/ever), % | 51.8 | 51.5 | <0.0001 |
| Haemoglobin ≤ 12.0 g/dL, % | 62.9 | 19.1 | <0.0001 |
| Primary aetiology | <0.0001 | ||
| Ischaemic, % | 41.0 | 43.7 | |
| DCM, % | 24.6 | 28.9 | |
| Hypertension, % | 9.7 | 7.9 | |
| Valvular, % | 17.5 | 8.0 | |
| Other, % | 7.1 | 11.5 | |
| Devices, % | 2.2 | 35.8 | <0.0001 |
| ACE/ARBs, % | 89.8 | 88.6 | 0.370 |
| Beta blockers, % | 67.0 | 89.5 | <0.0001 |
| MRAs, % | 86.4 | 56.5 | <0.0001 |
| Diuretics, % | 78.7 | 89.3 | <0.0001 |
| Digitalis, % | 47.0 | 21.0 | <0.0001 |
ACE inhibitors; ACS, acute coronary syndrome; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; BMI, body mass index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, DCM, dilated cardiomyopathy; EF, ejection fraction; HF, heart failure; ACE, MRA, mineraloreceptor blocker; PAD, peripheral arterial disease; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TIA, transient ischemic attack.
a
Available for 391 patients.
b
Available for 8759 patients.