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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Mar 11.
Published in final edited form as: J Clin Psychiatry. 2016 Oct;77(10):1420–1427. doi: 10.4088/JCP.14m09440

Table 2.

Specific Drugs of Abuse and Dependence in Bipolar Disorder and Controls (N=149)

Controls
(n=81)
BPD
(n=68)
Test statistics, p-value
Drug Type N(%) N(%)
Cannabis 10 (12) 24 (35) χ2=11.1, p=0.001
Opiates 2 (2) 9 (13) χ2=6.3, p=0.01
Cocaine 1 (1) 6 (9) χ2=4.8, p=0.047*
Sedatives 0 (0) 3 (4) χ2 =3.6, p=0.09*
Stimulants 0 (0) 2 (3) χ2 =2.4, p=0.21*
Hallucinogens 1 (1) 3 (4) χ2=1.4, p=0.3*
Other (including aspirin and ecstasy) 0 (0) 3 (4) χ2=3.6, p=0.09*
*

Exact test was employed