Table 1.
General characteristics of the cohort at baseline by mortality
| Characteristics | Total (N=543) | Mortality
|
P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes (n=167) | No (n=376) | |||
|
| ||||
| Gender (male) | 522 (96.1) | 165 (98.9) | 357 (94.9) | 0.032 |
|
| ||||
| Age (years): | 68.3 (8.3) | 72.3 (6.4) | 66.6 (8.5) | <0.001 |
|
| ||||
| BMI (kg/m): | 28.3 (4.4) | 27.9 (4.6) | 28.4 (4.4) | 0.252 |
|
| ||||
| Dyspnea (mMRC): | 24 (0.9) | 1.37 (1.0) | 2.2 (0.8) | <0.001 |
| 1 | 69 (12.7) | 13 (7.8) | 56 (14.9) | |
| 2 | 264 (48.6) | 60 (37.7) | 201 (53.5) | |
| 3 | 166 (30.6) | 60 (35.9) | 106 (28.2) | |
| 4–5 | 44 (8.1) | 31 (18.6) | 13 (3.5) | |
|
| ||||
| FEV1 (mL): | 1,464 (441.3) | 1,248 (368) | 1,560 (438) | <0.001 |
|
| ||||
| FEV1%: | 55.0 (13.3) | 50.1 (13.7) | 57.2 (12.6) | <0.001 |
|
| ||||
| Smoking status | ||||
| Current smoker | 114 (21.0) | 24 (14.4) | 90 (23.9) | 0.02 |
| Former smoker | 414 (76.2) | 140 (83.8) | 274 (72.9) | |
| No smoker | 15 (2.8) | 3 (1.8) | 12 (3.2) | |
|
| ||||
| Packs/year: | 46.8 (27.3) | 49.2 (27.5) | 45.8 (27.2) | 0.175 |
|
| ||||
| 6-minute walking test (m): | 408.9 (92.4) | 353.7 (99.8) | 433.4 (77.3) | <0.001 |
|
| ||||
| Hospital admission for COPD in the 2 previous years | ||||
| 0 | 402 (74.0) | 97 (58.1) | 305 (81.1) | <0.001 |
| 1 | 87 (16.0) | 40 (24.0) | 47 (12.5) | |
| ≥2 | 54 (10.0) | 30 (18.0) | 24 (6.4) | |
|
| ||||
| Charlson comorbidity index: | 2.4 (1.4) | 3.0 (1.7) | 2.1 (1.2) | <0.001 |
| 0–1 | 172 (31.7) | 33 (19.8) | 139 (37.0) | |
| 2–3 | 264 (48.6) | 77 (46.1) | 187 (49.7) | |
| >3 | 107 (19.7) | 57 (34.1) | 50 (13.3) | |
|
| ||||
| SGRQ (total): | 39.2 (20.1) | 43.5 (19.6) | 37.3 (20.0) | <0.001 |
|
| ||||
| Coronary artery disease | 32 (5.9) | 18 (10.8) | 14 (3.7) | 0.001 |
|
| ||||
| Congestive heart failure | 79 (14.6) | 50 (29.9) | 29 (7.7) | <0.001 |
|
| ||||
| Angine | 40 (7.4) | 15 (9.0) | 25 (6.6) | 0.337 |
|
| ||||
| Arrhythmia | 73 (13.4) | 40 (24.0) | 33 (8.8) | <0.001 |
|
| ||||
| Valvular heart disease | 17 (3.1) | 10 (6.0) | 7 (1.9) | 0.011 |
|
| ||||
| Hypertension | 211 (38.9) | 76 (45.5) | 135 (35.9) | 0.034 |
|
| ||||
| Peripheral artery disease | 49 (9.0) | 21 (12.6) | 28 (7.4) | 0.054 |
|
| ||||
| Cerebrovascular accident | 39 (7.2) | 13 (7.8) | 26 (6.9) | 0.717 |
|
| ||||
| Diabetes | 88 (16.2) | 36 (21.6) | 52 (13.8) | 0.024 |
|
| ||||
| Chronic renal failure | 8 (1.5) | 6 (3.6) | 2 (0.5) | 0.006 |
|
| ||||
| Liver disease | 36 (6.6) | 18 (10.8) | 18 (4.8) | 0.009 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; SGRQ, St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire.