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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Psychol Violence. 2018 Aug 6;8(6):692–701. doi: 10.1037/vio0000205

Table 2.

Interpersonal Discrimination due to Undocumented Status and its Association to Psychological Distress

Factor Interpersonal Discrimination Mean Distress
from
Interpersonal
Discrimination
Clinical Distress
among those with
Interpersonal
Discrimination
Sample Population

% % M (SD) % χ2 p
Total 68.8 67.6 1.9 (0.9) 51.5
Sex
Female 64.3* 63.1 2.1 (0.8)** 47.3 1.901 .168
Male 78.9 77.6 1.7 (0.9) 58.3
Age
18–25 60.0 61.6 1.9 (1.0) 66.7 9.307 .025
26–35 68.3 65.1 1.8 (0.9) 34.1
36–45 71.8 70.7 2.0 (0.8) 50.0
⩾46 69.4 68.9 2.0 (0.9) 64.7
Education
< High School 73.3* 71.2 1.8 (0.9)* 47.5 2.135 .144
⩾ High School 60.5 61.4 2.1 (0.8) 59.6
Marital status
Married 70.8 70.3 2.0 (0.9) 47.9 1.705 .192
Single 64.6 62.0 1.8 (0.9) 58.8
Employment
Not employed 64.7 64.0 2.0 (0.9) 45.5 1.844 .174
Employed 72.7 70.9 1.9 (0.9) 55.9
Monthly
Income
< $ 2,000 73.2* 72.1 2.0 (0.9) 50.8 0.019 .890
⩾ $ 2,000 60.2 58.5 1.6 (0.9) 52.0
Years in U.S.
⩾ 10 years 72.7 73.7 1.9 (0.9) 37.5 5.889 .053
11–20 years 69.6 66.8 1.8 (0.9) 51.7
> 20 years 63.6 63.8 2.1 (0.8) 64.3
Trauma
No 57.1 55.3 1.5 (0.7)** 25.0 7.664 .006
Yes 77.2 70.2 2.0 (0.9) 55.5
*

p <.05

**

p <.01

***

p <.001