TABLE 3.

Stability of temperament from 4 to 12 months of age in the USA and the Netherlands

	Stability (correlations) from 4 to 12 months of age
Scale	The USA	The Netherlands	Difference in Stability (Fisher’s Z)
Surgency	.48**	.66**	−1.58
Approach	.26	.44**	−1.22
Vocal Reactivity	.49**	.51**	−0.11
High-Intensity Pleasure	.31*	.44**	−.92
Smiling and Laughter	.60**	.43**	1.43
Activity Level	.47**	.33**	.95
Perceptual Sensitivity	.38**	.55**	−1.35
Negative Affectivity	.32*	.52**	−1.54
Sadness	.28*	.55**	−2.02*
Distress to Limitations	.30*	.44**	−.96
Fear	.44**	.40**	.32
Falling Reactivity	.11	.30**	−1.21
Orienting/Regulator Capacity	.47**	.50**	−.22
Low-Intensity Pleasure	.44**	.42**	.13
Cuddliness	.48**	.48**	.04
Duration of Orienting	.43**	.44**	−.24
Soothability	.18	.34**	−1.03

Notes: Results for factor scores presented in bold. n = 112 in the Netherlands sample, n = 58 in USA sample.

^*p <.05,

^**p<.01